Ratio Analysis-2

Greetings to fellow blog readers......

4. Profitability Ratios: Profitability ratios measure the profitability of a concern generally. They are calculated either in relation to sales or in relation to investment.

ü    Return on Capital Employed or Return on Investment (ROI): This ratio reveals the earning capacity of the capital employed in the business.

                                                =PBIT /Capital Employed

ü    Return on Proprietors Fund / Earning Ratio:  Earn on Net Worth

                                                =Net Profit (After tax)/Proprietors Fund

ü    Return on Ordinary shareholders Equity or Return on Equity Capital: It expresses the return earned by the equity shareholders on their investment.

=Net Profit after tax and Dividend / Proprietors fund or Paid up equity Capital

ü    Price Earning Ratio: It expresses the relationship between marketprice of share on a company and the earnings per share of that company.

                     =MPS (Market Price per Share) / EPS

ü    Earning Price Ratio/ Earning Yield:

                                                = EPS / MPS

ü    EPS= Net Profit (After tax and Interest) / No. Of Outstanding Shares.

ü    Dividend Yield ratio: It expresses the relationship between dividend earned per share to earnings per share.

 =    Dividend per share (DPS) / Market value per share

ü    Dividend pay-out ratio: It is the ratio of dividend per share to earning per share.

= DPS / EPS

                                   

DPS: It is the amount of the dividend payable to the holder of one equity share. =Dividend paid to ordinary shareholders / No. of    ordinary shares

                                                C.G.S=Sales- G.P

                                                G.P= Sales – C.G.S

                                                G.P.Ratio =G.P/Net sales*100

Net Sales= Gross Sales – Return inward- Cash discount allowed

Net profit ratio=Net Profit/ Net Sales*100

Operating Profit ratio=O.P/Net Sales*100

Interest Coverage Ratio= Net Profit (Before Tax & Interest) / Fixed Interest Classes

            Return on Investment (ROI): It reveals the earning capacity of the capital employed in the business. It is calculated as,

                                          EBIT/Capital employed.

The return on capital employed should be more than the cost of capital employed.

Capital employed =Equity Capital + Preference sharecapital + Reserves + Longterm loans and Debentures - Fictitious Assets – Non Operating Assets